15. PlayStation · 1995
PS1 affine warp
About
The PlayStation interpolated texture coordinates in screen space, not 1/z. Large triangles then swim. This rasterizer does the same, and snaps vertices to integer pixels the way the GTE did. Drag to orbit. Auto-rotation stops after the first drag.
Drag on the preview to orbit. Auto-rotation stops after the first drag.
Browser APIs
- Canvas 2D
- ImageData
- Pointer Events
- requestAnimationFrame
- matchMedia
If WebGL is missing, the demo draws a message on the canvas instead of a blank frame. prefers-reduced-motion freezes the first still.
Source
(function () {
const PARAMS = {
color: "#6ee7b7",
speed: 1,
snap: 1
};
function hexToRgb(hex) {
const n = parseInt(String(hex).replace("#", ""), 16);
if (isNaN(n)) return [110, 231, 183];
return [n >> 16 & 255, n >> 8 & 255, n & 255];
}
const canvas = document.getElementById("c");
const fallback = document.getElementById("fallback");
const ctx = canvas.getContext("2d");
if (!ctx) {
fallback.hidden = false;
fallback.textContent = "Canvas 2D is not available in this browser.";
return;
}
const BW = 320, BH = 180;
const buf = document.createElement("canvas");
buf.width = BW; buf.height = BH;
const bctx = buf.getContext("2d");
const img = bctx.createImageData(BW, BH);
const px = img.data;
const zbuf = new Float32Array(BW * BH);
let yaw = 0.4, pitch = 0.35, auto = true, dragging = false, lastX = 0, lastY = 0, last = 0;
const reduced = window.matchMedia("(prefers-reduced-motion: reduce)").matches;
canvas.addEventListener("pointerdown", function (e) {
dragging = true; auto = false; lastX = e.clientX; lastY = e.clientY;
canvas.setPointerCapture(e.pointerId);
});
canvas.addEventListener("pointerup", function () { dragging = false; });
canvas.addEventListener("pointermove", function (e) {
if (!dragging) return;
yaw += (e.clientX - lastX) * 0.01;
pitch += (e.clientY - lastY) * 0.01;
pitch = Math.max(-0.2, Math.min(1.1, pitch));
lastX = e.clientX; lastY = e.clientY;
});
function rot(p, ax, ay) {
const cx = Math.cos(ax), sx = Math.sin(ax), cy = Math.cos(ay), sy = Math.sin(ay);
let x = p[0], y = p[1], z = p[2];
const y2 = y * cx - z * sx; z = y * sx + z * cx; y = y2;
const x2 = x * cy + z * sy; z = -x * sy + z * cy; x = x2;
return [x, y, z];
}
function project(p) {
const z = p[2] + 5.2;
if (z < 0.2) return null;
const f = 155 / z;
let x = BW * 0.5 + p[0] * f;
let y = BH * 0.42 - p[1] * f;
if (PARAMS.snap >= 0.5) { x = (x + 0.5) | 0; y = (y + 0.5) | 0; }
return { x: x, y: y, z: z };
}
function baryFill(a, b, c, uvs, tint) {
const minx = Math.max(0, Math.min(a.x, b.x, c.x) | 0);
const maxx = Math.min(BW - 1, Math.max(a.x, b.x, c.x) | 0);
const miny = Math.max(0, Math.min(a.y, b.y, c.y) | 0);
const maxy = Math.min(BH - 1, Math.max(a.y, b.y, c.y) | 0);
const area = (b.x - a.x) * (c.y - a.y) - (b.y - a.y) * (c.x - a.x);
if (area <= 1) return;
const inv = 1 / area;
for (let y = miny; y <= maxy; y++) {
for (let x = minx; x <= maxx; x++) {
const w0 = ((b.x - x) * (c.y - y) - (b.y - y) * (c.x - x)) * inv;
const w1 = ((c.x - x) * (a.y - y) - (c.y - y) * (a.x - x)) * inv;
const w2 = 1 - w0 - w1;
if (w0 < 0 || w1 < 0 || w2 < 0) continue;
const z = w0 * a.z + w1 * b.z + w2 * c.z;
const zi = y * BW + x;
if (z >= zbuf[zi]) continue;
zbuf[zi] = z;
const u = w0 * uvs[0] + w1 * uvs[2] + w2 * uvs[4];
const v = w0 * uvs[1] + w1 * uvs[3] + w2 * uvs[5];
const chk = ((u * 8) | 0 ^ (v * 8) | 0) & 1;
const fog = 1 / (1 + (z - 2.2) * 0.18);
const k = (chk ? 1 : 0.22) * fog;
const i = zi * 4;
px[i] = tint[0] * k;
px[i + 1] = tint[1] * k;
px[i + 2] = tint[2] * k;
px[i + 3] = 255;
}
}
}
function tri(pts, i0, i1, i2, uvs, tint) {
const a = pts[i0], b = pts[i1], c = pts[i2];
if (!a || !b || !c) return;
if ((b.x - a.x) * (c.y - a.y) - (b.y - a.y) * (c.x - a.x) <= 0) return;
baryFill(a, b, c, uvs, tint);
}
function draw() {
const rgb = hexToRgb(PARAMS.color);
px.fill(0);
for (let i = 0; i < px.length; i += 4) {
const y = (i / 4 / BW) | 0;
px[i] = 12; px[i + 1] = 14; px[i + 2] = 18; px[i + 3] = 255;
if (y < BH * 0.48) {
px[i] = 18; px[i + 1] = 22; px[i + 2] = 32;
}
}
zbuf.fill(1e9);
const floor = [
[-5.5, -1.35, -5.5], [5.5, -1.35, -5.5], [5.5, -1.35, 5.5], [-5.5, -1.35, 5.5]
].map(function (p) { return project(rot(p, 0.38, yaw * 0.2)); });
const floorTint = [rgb[0] * 0.85, rgb[1] * 0.85, rgb[2] * 0.7];
tri(floor, 0, 1, 2, [0,0, 2,0, 2,2], floorTint);
tri(floor, 0, 2, 3, [0,0, 2,2, 0,2], floorTint);
const cube = [
[-1,-1,-1],[1,-1,-1],[1,1,-1],[-1,1,-1],
[-1,-1,1],[1,-1,1],[1,1,1],[-1,1,1]
];
const sp = cube.map(function (p) {
return project(rot([p[0] * 0.85, p[1] * 0.85 + 0.55, p[2] * 0.85], pitch, yaw));
});
const UV = [0,0, 1,0, 1,1];
const faces = [
[0,1,2, 0,2,3], [5,4,7, 5,7,6], [4,0,3, 4,3,7],
[1,5,6, 1,6,2], [3,2,6, 3,6,7], [4,5,1, 4,1,0]
];
const tints = [
rgb,
[rgb[0]*0.55, rgb[1]*0.55, rgb[2]*0.55],
[rgb[0]*0.75, rgb[1]*0.7, rgb[2]*0.55],
[rgb[0]*0.7, rgb[1]*0.8, rgb[2]*0.75],
[Math.min(255, rgb[0]*1.1), Math.min(255, rgb[1]*1.1), rgb[2]],
[rgb[0]*0.4, rgb[1]*0.4, rgb[2]*0.45]
];
for (let f = 0; f < faces.length; f++) {
const id = faces[f];
tri(sp, id[0], id[1], id[2], [0,0, 1,0, 1,1], tints[f]);
tri(sp, id[3], id[4], id[5], [0,0, 1,1, 0,1], tints[f]);
}
bctx.putImageData(img, 0, 0);
ctx.imageSmoothingEnabled = false;
ctx.drawImage(buf, 0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height);
}
function resize() {
const dpr = Math.min(window.devicePixelRatio || 1, 2);
const w = Math.max(1, Math.floor(canvas.clientWidth * dpr));
const h = Math.max(1, Math.floor(canvas.clientHeight * dpr));
if (canvas.width !== w || canvas.height !== h) {
canvas.width = w;
canvas.height = h;
}
}
function frame(now) {
const dt = Math.min(0.05, last ? (now - last) * 0.001 : 0.016);
last = now;
if (auto && !reduced) yaw += dt * 0.45 * PARAMS.speed;
resize();
draw();
if (!reduced) requestAnimationFrame(frame);
}
if (reduced) { resize(); draw(); }
else requestAnimationFrame(frame);
})();